1 Isishwankathelo
Ivalvu yebhabhathane sisixhobo esibalulekileyo kwinkqubo yokuhambisa amanzi kunye nemibhobho yokukhupha amanzi. Ngokuhambela phambili kwetekhnoloji yemizi-mveliso, iimfuno ezahlukeneyo zifakwa phambili kwisakhiwo kunye nokusebenza kwevalvu yebhabhathane. Ke ngoko, uhlobo, izinto kunye nefom yoqhagamshelo kufuneka zikhethwe ngokufanelekileyo ngokweemeko zokusebenza ngexesha loyilo kunye nokukhetha.
Ivalvu yebhabhathane sisixhobo esibalulekileyo kwinkqubo yokuhambisa amanzi kunye nemibhobho yokukhupha amanzi. Ngokuhambela phambili kwetekhnoloji yemizi-mveliso, iimfuno ezahlukeneyo zifakwa phambili kwisakhiwo kunye nokusebenza kwevalvu yebhabhathane. Ke ngoko, uhlobo, izinto kunye nefom yoqhagamshelo kufuneka zikhethwe ngokufanelekileyo ngokweemeko zokusebenza ngexesha loyilo kunye nokukhetha.
2 Uyilo
2.1 Ulwakhiwo
Inxalenye yokuvala (ipleyiti yebhabhathane) yevalvu yebhabhathane iphakathi kwesixhobo, kwaye impembelelo yayo ekuchaseni ukuhamba kwamanzi kufuneka iqwalaselwe kuyilo.
2.1 Ulwakhiwo
Inxalenye yokuvala (ipleyiti yebhabhathane) yevalvu yebhabhathane iphakathi kwesixhobo, kwaye impembelelo yayo ekuchaseni ukuhamba kwamanzi kufuneka iqwalaselwe kuyilo.
Ngokuphathelele ulwakhiwo lwepleyiti yebhabhathane yevalvu yebhabhathane enkulu, i-AWWA C504 (i-American Water Supply Engineering Association Standard) imisela ukuba ipleyiti yebhabhathane akufuneki ibe neembambo ezinqamlezileyo, kwaye ubukhulu bayo abufanele bube ngaphezu kwe-2.25 ubukhulu besiqu sevalvu.
Umphezulu ongena ngamanzi kunye nomphezulu ophumayo wepleyiti yebhabhathane kufuneka wenziwe ube lula.
Izikrufu zangaphakathi azikwazi ukuphuma ngaphandle kwepleyiti yebhabhathane, ukuze zingandisi indawo ejongene namanzi.
2.2 Itywina yerabha
Umphezulu ongena ngamanzi kunye nomphezulu ophumayo wepleyiti yebhabhathane kufuneka wenziwe ube lula.
Izikrufu zangaphakathi azikwazi ukuphuma ngaphandle kwepleyiti yebhabhathane, ukuze zingandisi indawo ejongene namanzi.
2.2 Itywina yerabha
Ngamanye amaxesha ubomi benkonzo yevalvu yebhabhathane yerabha bufutshane, nto leyo enxulumene nomgangatho werabha kunye nobubanzi bomphezulu wokutywina. Indandatho yokutywina yevalvu yebhabhathane etywinwe ngerabha kufuneka yenziwe ngezinto zerabha ezikumgangatho ophezulu, kwaye imigaqo yenkqubo kufuneka ilandelwe ngexesha lokubumba ngokucinezela. Ubushushu be-vulcanization akufuneki bunyuswe ngokungacwangciswanga, kwaye ixesha lingancitshiswa, kungenjalo kuya kubangela ukuba indandatho yokutywina iguge kwaye iqhekeke. Umphezulu wokutywina wesinyithi ohambelana nendandatho yokutywina ngerabha kufuneka ube nobubanzi obaneleyo, kungenjalo indandatho yokutywina ngerabha ayilula ukuyifakelwa. Ukongeza, ukunyamezelana kwemilo kunye nendawo, ulungelelwaniso, ukuchaneka, ukuguda, kunye nokuqina kwendandatho yokutywina yomzimba wevalvu kunye nepleyiti yebhabhathane nako kuchaphazela ubomi benkonzo yendandatho yokutywina ngerabha.
2.2 Ukuqina
Ukuqina kwevalvu yebhabhathane yingxaki ebalulekileyo kuyilo lweevalvu zebhabhathane, nto leyo enxulumene nezinto ezifana neepleyiti zebhabhathane, imingxunya yevalvu kunye noqhagamshelo.
Ukuqina kwevalvu yebhabhathane yingxaki ebalulekileyo kuyilo lweevalvu zebhabhathane, nto leyo enxulumene nezinto ezifana neepleyiti zebhabhathane, imingxunya yevalvu kunye noqhagamshelo.
(1) Ubungakanani bomngxuma wevalvu Ubungakanani bomngxuma wevalvu buchazwe kwi-AWWA C504. Ukuba ubungakanani bomngxuma wevalvu abuhlangabezani neemfuno, kunokubakho ukuqina okwaneleyo, ukuvuza kwetywina elingasemva, kunye ne-torque enkulu yokuvula. Ukuqina komngxuma kunxulumene ne-1/EI, oko kukuthi, ukuphucula ukuqina nokunciphisa ingxaki yokuguquguquka, kufuneka siqale ngokunyusa i-EI. I-E yimodulus yokuqina. Ngokubanzi, umahluko wentsimbi awumkhulu, kwaye izinto ezikhethiweyo azinampembelelo ingako kukuqina. I yimo ye-inertia kwaye inxulumene nobukhulu becandelo lomngxuma. Ubungakanani bomngxuma wevalvu ngokubanzi lubalwa ngokudityaniswa kokugoba kunye nokugoba. Akunxulumenenga kuphela ne-torque, kodwa kunxulumene kakhulu nomzuzu wokugoba. Ngokukodwa, umzuzu wokugoba wevalvu yebhabhathane enkulu ubukhulu bayo bukhulu kakhulu kune-torque.
(2) Ulungelelwaniso lwemingxunya yeshaft Uhlobo oludala lwe-AWWA C504 luchaza ukuba ishaft yevalvu yebhabhathane yishaft ethe tye. Emva kohlobo lwe-1980, kwacetyiswa ukuba yenziwe ibe yi-shafts ezimbini ezimfutshane. Ngokutsho kwe-AWWA C504 kunye ne-GB12238, ubude be-shaft kunye nomngxunya obufakwe ngaphakathi kufuneka bube yi-1.5d. Umsantsa (ixabiso le-C) phakathi komphetho womzimba wevalvu kunye nesiphelo senkxaso yeplate yebhabhathane kumlinganiselo we-axial wevalvu yebhabhathane yaseJapan uchaziwe, ohambelana ngokubanzi nobukhulu bobubanzi, obuphakathi kwe-25 kunye ne-45mm, oku kuthetha ukunciphisa umgama phakathi kwenkxaso yeshaft (ixabiso le-C), ngaloo ndlela kunciphisa umzuzu wokugoba kunye nokuguquguquka kweshaft.
(3) Ulwakhiwo lwepleyiti yebhabhathane Ulwakhiwo lwepleyiti yebhabhathane lunolwalamano oluthe ngqo nokuqina, ngoko ke ukongeza kwimo yepleyiti ethe tyaba, ikakhulu lwenziwa lube yimo yembiza okanye imo yetruss. Ngamafutshane, kukwandisa umzuzu wokungakhathali kwecandelo ukuze kwandiswe ukuqina.
(4) Ulwakhiwo lomzimba wevalvu Kukho neengxaki zokuqina kuyilo lomzimba wevalvu yebhabhathane enobubanzi obukhulu. Ngokubanzi, kukho iimbambo zeringi kunye neembambo ezinqamlezileyo. Enyanisweni, iimbambo ezinqamlezileyo zonyusa uzinzo kwaye akufuneki zibe zininzi kakhulu. Ezona ziphambili ziimbambo zeringi. Ukuba ungongeza iimbambo ezimile okwe-∩, kuya kuba luncedo ngakumbi kukuqina, kodwa kukho ingxaki yokungakwazi ukwenziwa kakuhle.
2.3 Iibheringi ezizithambisayo
Uninzi okanye lonke uxinzelelo oluphakathi kwipleyiti yebhabhathane (engasemva) ludluliselwa kwi-bearing nge-shaft, ngoko ke i-bearing idlala indima ebaluleke kakhulu. Ezinye ii-valve zebhabhathane zangaphandle zilula kwaye ziluncedo, kwaye ii-valve ezincinci zinokujikwa ngomnwe omnye, ngelixa ezinye ii-valve zebhabhathane zasekhaya zinzima. Ukongeza kwi-coaxiality, ulungelelwaniso, ukuchaneka kokucubungula, ukugqitywa kunye nomgangatho wokupakisha, yinto ebalulekileyo kakhulu kukuthambisa kwezinto ze-sleeve. Umgangatho we-AWWA C504 ucebisa ukuba i-shaft sleeve okanye i-bearing efakwe emzimbeni we-valve kufuneka ibe zizinto ezizithambisayo, kwaye i-shaft sleeve inengxaki yokunciphisa ukungqubana kunye nokuthambisa, kwaye ukugqwala akuvumelekanga. Ngaphandle kwe-shaft sleeve, nokuba i-valve shaft yintsimbi engagqwaliyo, umzimba we-valve uneengxaki zokugqwala kunye nokunamathela. Ukusetyenziswa kwe-bushings kunokunyusa ukuqina.
Uninzi okanye lonke uxinzelelo oluphakathi kwipleyiti yebhabhathane (engasemva) ludluliselwa kwi-bearing nge-shaft, ngoko ke i-bearing idlala indima ebaluleke kakhulu. Ezinye ii-valve zebhabhathane zangaphandle zilula kwaye ziluncedo, kwaye ii-valve ezincinci zinokujikwa ngomnwe omnye, ngelixa ezinye ii-valve zebhabhathane zasekhaya zinzima. Ukongeza kwi-coaxiality, ulungelelwaniso, ukuchaneka kokucubungula, ukugqitywa kunye nomgangatho wokupakisha, yinto ebalulekileyo kakhulu kukuthambisa kwezinto ze-sleeve. Umgangatho we-AWWA C504 ucebisa ukuba i-shaft sleeve okanye i-bearing efakwe emzimbeni we-valve kufuneka ibe zizinto ezizithambisayo, kwaye i-shaft sleeve inengxaki yokunciphisa ukungqubana kunye nokuthambisa, kwaye ukugqwala akuvumelekanga. Ngaphandle kwe-shaft sleeve, nokuba i-valve shaft yintsimbi engagqwaliyo, umzimba we-valve uneengxaki zokugqwala kunye nokunamathela. Ukusetyenziswa kwe-bushings kunokunyusa ukuqina.
2.4 Uqhagamshelo lwe-shaft kunye ne-butterfly plate
I-shaft kunye ne-butterfly plate ye-butterfly valve encinci enobubanzi obuncinci kungcono idityaniswe ngesitshixo okanye i-spline, kwaye uqhagamshelo lwe-polygonal shaft okanye uqhagamshelo lwe-pin lungasetyenziswa. I-shaft kunye ne-butterfly plate ye-butterfly valve enkulu enobubanzi obuphezulu idityaniswe kakhulu ngamaqhosha okanye ii-taper pin. Okwangoku, ii-shafts kunye nee-discs ezingaphezulu zidityaniswe ngama-pin. I-connecting pin yonakele phantsi kweemeko zokusebenza ezinzima. Oku kungenxa yezizathu zokwenziwa. Phakathi kwazo, ukuchaneka kwe-anastomosis akulunganga, ubungakanani be-pin abufanelekanga, ubunzima be-pin abwanele okanye izinto azifanelekanga, njl. njl., kufuneka kuqwalaselwe. I-shaft kunye ne-butterfly plate ye-butterfly valve enkulu inokudityaniswe ngendlela ekhethekileyo.
I-shaft kunye ne-butterfly plate ye-butterfly valve encinci enobubanzi obuncinci kungcono idityaniswe ngesitshixo okanye i-spline, kwaye uqhagamshelo lwe-polygonal shaft okanye uqhagamshelo lwe-pin lungasetyenziswa. I-shaft kunye ne-butterfly plate ye-butterfly valve enkulu enobubanzi obuphezulu idityaniswe kakhulu ngamaqhosha okanye ii-taper pin. Okwangoku, ii-shafts kunye nee-discs ezingaphezulu zidityaniswe ngama-pin. I-connecting pin yonakele phantsi kweemeko zokusebenza ezinzima. Oku kungenxa yezizathu zokwenziwa. Phakathi kwazo, ukuchaneka kwe-anastomosis akulunganga, ubungakanani be-pin abufanelekanga, ubunzima be-pin abwanele okanye izinto azifanelekanga, njl. njl., kufuneka kuqwalaselwe. I-shaft kunye ne-butterfly plate ye-butterfly valve enkulu inokudityaniswe ngendlela ekhethekileyo.
2.5 Ubude besakhiwo
Ubude besakhiwo sevalvu yebhabhathane bukhula bube luchungechunge olufutshane, kodwa indlela enjalo kufuneka ilumke. Kuba ubude besakhiwo bufutshane kakhulu ukuba bungachaphazela amandla. Imigangatho yamazwe ngamazwe imisele ubude besakhiwo sevalvu yebhabhathane yeflange emfutshane, kodwa ubude besakhiwo sevalvu enoxinzelelo oluphezulu akufuneki bufutshane, kungenjalo kuya kubakho iingxaki, ngakumbi kwizinto ezibuthathaka ezifana nesinyithi esityhidiweyo.
Ubude besakhiwo sevalvu yebhabhathane bukhula bube luchungechunge olufutshane, kodwa indlela enjalo kufuneka ilumke. Kuba ubude besakhiwo bufutshane kakhulu ukuba bungachaphazela amandla. Imigangatho yamazwe ngamazwe imisele ubude besakhiwo sevalvu yebhabhathane yeflange emfutshane, kodwa ubude besakhiwo sevalvu enoxinzelelo oluphezulu akufuneki bufutshane, kungenjalo kuya kubakho iingxaki, ngakumbi kwizinto ezibuthathaka ezifana nesinyithi esityhidiweyo.
INortech ngomnye wabavelisi beevalvu zoshishino abaphambili eTshayina abanesiqinisekiso somgangatho se-ISO9001.
Ixesha lokuthumela: Agasti-20-2021