Ukuqina kweebhola ezi-4
Eyona nto ibalulekileyo yokutywina isihlaloiivalvu zebholayi-polytetraoxyethylene (PTFE), enovelwano phantse kuzo zonke izinto zeekhemikhali, kwaye inomlinganiselo ophantsi wokungqubana, ukusebenza okuzinzileyo, akukho lula ukuyiguga, uluhlu olubanzi lokusetyenziswa kobushushu kunye nokusebenza kokutywina. Iimpawu ezipheleleyo ezigqwesileyo. Nangona kunjalo, iipropati zomzimba ze-PTFE, kubandakanya umlinganiselo ophezulu wokwandiswa, uvakalelo lokuhamba okubandayo kunye nokuqhuba kakubi kobushushu, zifuna uyilo lwezitywino zesihlalo sevalvu ukuze zigxile kwezi mpawu. Izinto zeplastiki zesitywino sesihlalo sevalvu ziquka i-PTFE egcweleyo, i-nylon kunye nezinye izinto ezininzi. Nangona kunjalo, xa izinto zokutywina ziba nzima, ukuthembeka kwesitywino kuya konakala, ngakumbi kwimeko yomahluko ophantsi woxinzelelo. Ukongeza, irabha yokwenziwa efana nerabha ye-butyl ingasetyenziswa njengezinto zokutywina isihlalo sevalvu, kodwa amayeza ayo asebenzayo omgangatho ophakathi kunye nobushushu anqongophele. Ukongeza, ukuba i-medium ayithambisanga, ukusetyenziswa kwerabha yokwenziwa kunokwenzeka ukuba kuthintele ibhola.
Ukuze kuhlangatyezwane neemfuno zokusetyenziswa kwezicelo zoshishino ezifana nobushushu obuphezulu, uxinzelelo oluphezulu, ukukhukuliseka okunamandla, ubomi obude, njl.njl., iivalvu zebhola ezitywiniweyo ngesinyithi ziye zaphuhliswa kakhulu kwiminyaka elishumi edlulileyo. Ingakumbi kumazwe aphuhlileyo kwezoshishino, njenge-United States, i-Itali, iJamani, iSpain, iNetherlands, njl.njl., ulwakhiwo lwevalvu yebhola luye lwaphuculwa rhoqo, kwaye kuye kwakho iivalvu zebhola ezifakwe umzimba wonke, iivalvu zebhola zokuphakamisa, kunye neevalvu zebhola kwiipayipi ezikude, izixhobo zokucoca ioyile, njl.njl. Intsimi yezimboni isetyenziswa kakhulu, kunye neevalvu zebhola ezinkulu (3050mm), uxinzelelo oluphezulu (70MPa) kunye nobubanzi beqondo lobushushu (-196 ~ 8159C) ezivelayo, ukuze itekhnoloji yevalvu yebhola ifikelele kwinqanaba elitsha.
5 Uyilo kunye nokuveliswa kweevalvu zebhola
Ngenxa yokusetyenziswa kweComputer Aided Design (CAD), iComputer Aided Manufacturing (CAM) kunye neMulberry Manufacturing System (FMS) kushishino lweevalvu, uyilo kunye nokuveliswa kweevalvu zebhola kuye kwafikelela kwinqanaba elitsha ngokupheleleyo. Ayizange nje ivelise ngokupheleleyo indlela yokubala uyilo lweevalvu, kodwa ikwanciphise nomsebenzi woyilo onzima nophindaphindayo wabasebenzi abaziingcali nabezobugcisa, ukuze iingcali zibe namandla angakumbi okuphucula, ukuphucula ukusebenza kwemveliso kunye nophuhliso lwemveliso entsha, kunye nokunciphisa umjikelo wophando nophuhliso lweemveliso ezintsha. , Ukuphucula imveliso yabasebenzi ngendlela ejikeleze yonke indawo, kwaye kwinkqubo yophando kunye nophuhliso lwevalvu yebhola yokutywina yentsimbi yohlobo lwentonga yokuphakamisa, ngenxa yokusetyenziswa kweCAD/CAM, kuye kwavela iflethi ebanzi yentonga eyenziwe yidizayini encediswa yikhompyutha kunye nezixhobo zomatshini zeCNC ezincediswa yikhompyutha, eyitywina yesinyithi. Ivalvu yebhola ayinamikrwelo kwaye ayigugi ngexesha lenkqubo yokuvula nokuvala, ukuze ukusebenza kokutywina kunye nobomi benkonzo yevalvu yebhola kuphuculwe kakhulu. Xa ivalvu yebhola ivuliwe ngokupheleleyo, ukumelana nokuhamba kwamanzi kuncinci kakhulu, phantse kulingane no-zero, ngoko ke ivalvu yebhola enobubanzi obulinganayo isetyenziswa kakhulu kwimibhobho yeoyile negesi kuba kulula ukuyicoca ipayipi. Ngenxa yokuba ibhola yevalvu yebhola isuswa ngexesha lenkqubo yokuvula nokuvala, uninzi lweevalvu zebhola zingasetyenziswa kwimidiya eneziqwenga eziqinileyo ezixhonyiweyo. Ngokuxhomekeke kwizinto ezikwiringi yokutywina, ingasetyenziswa nakwimidiya yepowder kunye ne-granular.
Izihlandlo ezi-6 zevalvu yebhola esebenzayo
Ekubeni ivalvu yebhola idla ngokusebenzisa irabha, inylon kunye ne-polytetraoxyethylene njengesixhobo seringi yokutywina isihlalo, ubushushu bokusetyenziswa kwayo bunqunyelwe zizinto zeringi yokutywina isihlalo sevalvu. Isiphumo sokunqunyulwa kobubanzi bebhola sifezekiswa kukuba ibhola yesinyithi icinezelwe phakathi kwezihlalo zevalvu yeplastiki phantsi kwesenzo se-medium (ivalvu yebhola edadayo). Phantsi kwesenzo soxinzelelo oluthile loqhagamshelwano, iringi yokutywina isihlalo sevalvu iyaguquguquka ngokwe-elastic kunye neplastiki kwezinye iindawo. Olu tshintsho lunokubuyisela ukuchaneka kokwenziwa kunye noburhabaxa bomphezulu webhola, kwaye luqinisekise ukusebenza kokutywina kwevalvu yebhola.
Ukongeza, ekubeni i-set sealing ring ye-ball valve idla ngokwenziwa ngeplastiki, xa ukhetha ulwakhiwo kunye nokusebenza kwe-ball valve, kuyimfuneko ukuqwalasela ukumelana nomlilo kunye nokuxhathisa umlilo kwe-ball valve, ngakumbi kwicandelo le-petroleum, le-chemical, le-metallurgical kunye namanye amacandelo, kwiindawo ezinokutsha neziqhumayo. Ukusetyenziswa kwee-ball valves kwizixhobo kunye neenkqubo zepayipi zase-United States kufuneka kunike ingqalelo ngakumbi ekumelaneni nomlilo kunye nokuthintela umlilo.
Ngokubanzi, xa kulungiswa iindawo ezimbini, ukusebenza ngokungqongqo kokutywina, udaka, ukukrazula, umjelo wokugoba, ukuvulwa nokuvalwa ngokukhawuleza (ukuvulwa nokuvalwa kwe-1/4), ukunqunyulwa koxinzelelo oluphezulu (umahluko omkhulu woxinzelelo), ingxolo ephantsi, ukugalelwa kwe-cavitation kunye nokufuma, Kwiinkqubo zemibhobho ezinomthamo omncinci wokuvuza emoyeni, i-torque encinci yokusebenza kunye nokumelana nolwelo oluncinci, iivalvu zebhola ziyacetyiswa.
Iivalvu zebhola zikwafanelekile kwiinkqubo zemibhobho ezinesakhiwo esikhanyayo, ukunqunyulwa koxinzelelo oluphantsi (umahluko omncinci woxinzelelo), kunye nemidiya ebolileyo.
Iivalvu zebhola zingasetyenziswa nakwizixhobo ezishushu kakhulu (i-cryogenic) kunye neenkqubo zemibhobho.
Kwinkqubo yemibhobho yeoksijini yoshishino lwesinyithi, kufuneka iivalvu zebhola eziye zafumana unyango oluqinileyo lokususa amafutha.
Xa imigca ephambili kwimibhobho yeoyile negesi kufuneka igqunywe phantsi komhlaba, kufuneka iivalvu zebhola ezidityanisiweyo ezinobubanzi obupheleleyo.
Xa kufuneka ukulungiswa kokusebenza, kufuneka kukhethwe ivalvu yebhola enesakhiwo esikhethekileyo esinokuvulwa okufana no-V.
Kwi-petroleum, petrochemical, chemical, power, kunye nolwakhiwo lwasezidolophini, iivalvu zebhola ezitywiniweyo ukusuka kwisinyithi ukuya kwisinyithi zingasetyenziselwa iinkqubo zemibhobho ezinobushushu obungaphezulu kwama-200°C.
Imigaqo esi-7 yokusetyenziswa kweevalvu zebhola
Kwimibhobho yeoyile negesi yendalo, imibhobho ekufuneka icocwe, ize igqunywe emhlabeni, sebenzisa iivalvu zebhola ezigutyungelweyo kunye neevalvu zebhola ezigutyungelweyo; xa ugqunywe emhlabeni, khetha iivalvu zebhola ezigutyungelweyo okanye ezigutyungelweyo; imibhobho yesebe, Khetha uqhagamshelo lweflange, uqhagamshelo lwewelding, ivalvu yebhola egutyungelweyo okanye ebubanzi obuphantsi.
Kwimibhobho yokuthutha kunye nezixhobo zokugcina ioyile ecociweyo, sebenzisa iivalvu zebhola ezijijekileyo.
Kwimibhobho yegesi neyegesi yendalo yesixeko, sebenzisa iivalvu zebhola ezidadayo ezinoqhagamshelo lweflange kunye noqhagamshelo lwangaphakathi lwentambo.
Kwinkqubo yemibhobho yeoksijini kwinkqubo yesinyithi, kufuneka kusetyenziswe ivalvu yebhola esisigxina eye yafumana unyango oluqinileyo lokususa amafutha kunye noqhagamshelo oludibeneyo.
Kwiinkqubo kunye nezixhobo zemibhobho ezinobushushu obuphantsi, kufuneka kusetyenziswe iivalvu zebhola ezinobushushu obuphantsi ezineebhonethi. Kwinkqubo yemibhobho yeyunithi yokuqhekeka kwe-catalytic yeyunithi yokucocisa ioyile, ivalvu yebhola yohlobo lokuphakamisa ingakhethwa.
Kwizixhobo kunye neenkqubo zemibhobho zemidiya erhabaxa efana ne-asidi kunye ne-alkali kwiinkqubo zeekhemikhali, kuyacetyiswa ukusebenzisa zonke iivalvu zebhola zentsimbi engagqwaliyo ezenziwe ngentsimbi engagqwaliyo ye-austenitic kunye ne-polytetraoxyethylene njengesihlalo kunye neringi yokutywina.
Iivalvu zebhola zokutywina ukusuka kwisinyithi ukuya kwisinyithi zingasetyenziswa kwiinkqubo zemibhobho okanye izixhobo zemidiya yobushushu obuphezulu kwiinkqubo zesinyithi, iinkqubo zamandla, ukufakelwa kwe-petrochemical, kunye neenkqubo zokufudumeza zasezidolophini.
Xa kufuneka uhlengahlengiso lokuhamba kwamanzi, i-worm-gear drive, i-pneumatic okanye i-electric ball valve ene-V-shaped open inokukhethwa.