Ii-actuators zombane kunye nezomoyakwiivalvu zemibhobho: Kubonakala ngathi ezi ntlobo zimbini zee-actuators zahlukile kakhulu, kwaye ukhetho kufuneka lwenziwe ngokwemithombo yamandla ekhoyo kwindawo yokufakela. Kodwa eneneni le mbono ikhetha icala. Ukongeza kumahluko aphambili nacacileyo, zikwanazo nezinye iimpawu ezizodwa ezingacacanga kangako.

Ii-actuator zombane kunye ne-pneumatic zezona ndlela zimbini zokuqhuba ezisetyenziswa kakhulu kwiinkqubo ze-automation. Ngokwesiqhelo, isigqibo sokukhetha se-actuator senziwa kwinqanaba loyilo olusisiseko, kwaye siya kusetyenziswa kude kube sekupheleni komjikelo wobomi emva kokufakwa.

Xa bekhetha uhlobo lwamandla e-actuator, abantu abadli ngokucinga ngemilinganiselo yendlela yokusebenza esetyenziswayo, kodwa banikela ingqalelo kuphela kwizinto ezisetyenziswa ngaphakathi zomyili, imeko yombane, okanye nokuba indawo inokubonelela ngegesi eninzi esele yenziwe.

Nangona kunjalo, ngexesha lokusebenza, kudla ngokufunyaniswa ukuba ezinye iivalvu kufuneka zixhotyiswe ngee-actuators, okanye iiparameters ze-process medium kwezinye iivalvu ziya kutshintsha. Umbuzo ke uphakama: Ngaba kufuneka ndigcine i-actuator yokuqala okanye ndiyitshintshe nge-actuator enye ukuze ndiphucule ukusebenza?

Ubomi benkonzo ende

Eli nqaku liza kwazisa kwaye lithelekise iimpawu eziphambili zokusebenza kwee-actuators zombane kunye ne-pneumatic.

Kwiimeko eziqhelekileyo, abavelisi baya kuqinisekisa imijikelo yokusebenza eyi-10,000 yee-actuators zombane kunye nemijikelo yokusebenza eyi-100,000 yee-actuators zomoya. Ngokucacileyo, ngokwenani lemijikelo yokusebenza, i-actuator yomoya inobomi obude ngenxa yesakhiwo sayo esilula. Ukongeza, umphezulu woqhagamshelwano lwe-friction ye-actuator yomoya wenziwe nge-elastomer okanye i-polymer, kwaye ii-O-rings ezigugileyo kunye nezinto zesikhokelo zeplastiki kulula ukuzitshintsha.

Njenge-actuator yombane, kudla ngokubakho i-reduction gearbox ukusuka kwi-motor ukuya kwi-output shaft. Kukho ii-gears ezininzi ezidibanayo, eziya kuguga ngexesha lokusebenza. Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuba akukho mfuneko yokutshintsha i-lubricating grease ngexesha lonke lobomi be-actuator ye-pneumatic.

I-Torque

Enye yezona parameters zibalulekileyo zokusebenza kwee-actuators zevalvu yombhobho yi-torque. I-torque ye-actuator yombane ixhomekeke kuyilo (i-constant component) kunye ne-voltage esetyenziswa kwi-stator. I-torque ye-pneumatic actuator ixhomekeke kuyilo (i-constant component) kunye noxinzelelo lomoya olunikezelwa kwi-pneumatic actuator.

Ngokubanzi, i-torque ye-actuator kufuneka ibe nkulu kune-torque ephezulu yevalvu, okanye ibe nkulu kune-torque efunekayo ukuhambisa into yokuvala. Xa isetyenziswa ngokwenene, i-torque yokwenyani yevalvu inokuba nkulu kune-torque ephezulu echazwe luphawu lomenzi, kwaye ibe nkulu kune-torque ephezulu ye-actuator. Ngokungathandabuzekiyo le yingxamiseko.

Ukuba uqhubeka nokusebenzisa i-actuator, inokubangela umonakalo kwi-actuator nakwi-valve. Ukuba i-torque ye-valve iyanda, i-motor iya kuyinyusa kancinci i-torque ide ifikelele kwixabiso lokutsalwa (ixabiso lokutsalwa). Oku kuthetha ukuba ulwakhiwo loomatshini lunyanzelekile ukuba luphume kwaye lumelane ne-torque egqithisileyo ngaphaya koluhlu loyilo.

Ukukhusela i-torque engaphezulu

Ukuze kuthintelwe ukuba izixhobo zonakaliswe phantsi kwezi meko zikhankanyiweyo apha ngasentla, i-actuator yombane inokuxhotyiswa ngezixhobo ezithile ezikhethekileyo. Eyona ixhaphakileyo yi-torque switch, enokuba yeyomatshini (umgaqo oqhelekileyo wokusebenza kukuba i-worm gear ihamba ngomgca kwimeko ye-over-torque); inokuba ye-elektroniki (umgaqo oqhelekileyo kukulinganisa umsinga we-stator, okanye i-Hall effect.). Xa i-torque idlula ixabiso eliphezulu eliyiliweyo, i-torque switch inokunqumla i-voltage ye-stator kwaye iyeke i-actuator motor. Akukho mfuneko yokukhuselwa kwe-over-torque kwii-actuators zomoya. Ukuba i-torque esetyenziswa kwi-valve idlula umda ochaziweyo, iipropati zomzimba zomoya ocinezelweyo ziya kubangela ukuba i-pneumatic actuator iyeke ukuqhuba. Ngokungafaniyo nee-electric actuators, i-output torque yee-pneumatic actuators ayizukudlula umda woyilo. Kungacingelwa ukuba ukuba i-pipeline valve ixhotyiswe nge-pneumatic actuator, umngcipheko wokungaphumeleli kwezixhobo ngenxa ye-torque edlula ixabiso elichaziweyo uyasuswa.

Uyilo olungenakuqhuma

Ukuba kukho iimpahla eziyingozi kwindawo esetyenziswayo, izixhobo zombane zinokubangela ukuqhuma. Ngokuphathelele amanqanaba okhuseleko kunye neendlela zokukhusela kwindawo enobungozi, azifakwanga kweli nqaku ngenxa yokunqongophala kwendawo.

Nangona kunjalo, kusafuneka kugxininiswe ukuba izixhobo ezithintela ukuqhuma kufuneka zisetyenziswe kwiindawo ezinezinto ezinobungozi.

Xa kuthelekiswa nee-actuator zombane eziqhelekileyo zoshishino, ii-actuator zombane ezingaqhumiyo kwiivalvu zepayipi zibiza kakhulu kwaye ziyinkimbinkimbi ngakumbi kuyilo. Nokuba i-actuator yomoya isetyenziswa kwindawo enobungozi, akukho mngcipheko wokuqhuma. Kwii-actuator zomoya, uyilo olukhethekileyo lwendawo enobungozi lukwakhawulelwe kwii-positioners, iivalvu ze-solenoid kunye neeswitshi zomda (Umfanekiso 1-3). Ngokufanayo, ukuba i-actuator yomoya enesixhobo esingaqhumiyo isetyenziselwa ukusebenza kwevalvu yepayipi, iindleko ziya kuba phantsi kakhulu kunezo ze-actuator yombane engaqhumiyo enomsebenzi ofanayo.

Indawo yokuma

Ii-actuator ze-pneumatic zinesinye sezona ntsilelo zibalulekileyo. Xa i-actuator ifikelela embindini we-stroke, indawo eyibekayo iba nzima ngakumbi, nto leyo ethetha ukuba indawo eyibekayo i-spool yevalvu yokulawula iba nzima ngakumbi.

Ngenxa yeempawu zomzimba zomoya, ukuchaneka kwendawo ye-actuators yomoya kuphantsi kaninzi kune-actuators yombane. Ukuba i-actuator yombane isebenzisa i-stepping motor, ukuchaneka kwayo kwendawo kuphezulu kakhulu kune-actuator yomoya exhotyiswe nge-positioner. Le yokugqibela ingasetyenziselwa kuphela iinkqubo ezingadingi ukuchaneka kwendawo ephezulu okanye ukuchaneka kolawulo. I-actuators yomoya esetyenziswa kwiivalvu zepayipi ineempawu zayo kuyilo lwesakhiwo: zonke izinto zenkqubo yolawulo zifakwe kumphezulu wangaphandle we-actuator, okanye ngaphandle kwesakhiwo esiphambili. Ukuba ufuna ukutshintsha imo yokusebenza ukusuka kwi-off ukuya kulawulo, kufuneka utshintshe i-solenoid valve nge-positioner. Ekubeni ezi zinto zimbini zifakwe ngaphandle kwe-actuator yomoya, kwaye uyilo lomphezulu wokudibana lufana, kulula ngakumbi ukususa umsasazi kwaye ufake i-positioner. Ngamanye amazwi, i-actuator efanayo yomoya ingasetyenziselwa zombini ukuvala nokulawula ngokutshintsha izixhobo ezifanelekileyo (Umfanekiso 1-2).